Sentences With conduction band

• Electron falling from conduction band to an empty state in valence band recombination.
• Voltages are applied to the silicon, and when a photon is absorbed, primarily by the electrons in the valence band, the electrons will be excited into the conduction band and flow toward positive volt
• Random thermal excitation produces an exponential Boltzmann distribution in electron energy, as suggested in the figure, the upper tails of which lie in the conduction band on both halves of the junct
• The structures of conduction band and valence band are analogous to the results of ultraviolet photoemission spectra and are also consistent with the model of Travaglini et al.
• Catalyst needs certain amount of additional energy to excite the electrons from valence band to conduction band.
• For materials with a direct band gap, valence electrons can be directly excited into the conduction band by a photon whose energy is larger than the bandgap.
• Materials whose valence gap is full and whose conduction band is empty have very high.
• Xs is the electron afufb01nity of the doped silicon substrate, Ec is the conduction band edge of the doped silicon substrate, EF is the Fermi level, and q is the electric charge.
• Electrons in the conduction band may move freely throughout the substance in the presence of an electrical field.
• When an electron is in the conduction band, it has enough energy to move about the material freely.
• In this model, a finite number of electrons are able to reach the conduction band and conduct small amounts of electricity.
• Thus, electrical conduction occur only after thermal or photolytic activation of electrons to give them sufficient energy to jump the gap and reach into the lower levels of the conduction band.
• More electrons are promoted to the conduction band at the hotter end than at the cooler end, as reflected in different Fermi function behavior at each end.
• Warming a semiconductor, allow some electrons to leap, like salmon, up to the empty conduction band.
• When a magnetic field is applied, the conduction band splits apart into a spin-up and a spin-down band due to the difference in magnetic potential energy for spin-up and spin-down electrons.
• When the solar cell is exposed to sunlight, photons hit valence electrons, breaking the bonds and pumping them to the conduction band.
• Thedifference between the semiconductor conduction band and the vacuumlevel is the semiconductor electron afu00denity where is the effective density of states in the conduction band and isthe donor co
• Fermi level moves closer to the conduction band, the electron concentration increases.
• The current carrying electrons in the conduction band are known as free electrons.
• Accordingly, the electrons can be excited from the defect state to the conduction band by a relatively lower energy, and thus visible light can be utilized.
• In the vicinity of the Dirac ring the energy dispersion of the conduction band, Eq.
• It turned out that the probability of this process is an order of magnitude higher than that of electron trapping from the conduction band by an ionized nitrogen donor.
• Thus, an important property of semiconductors is that their conductivity increases as they are heated up and more electrons fill the conduction band.
• In the last stage the rate of electrons capturing is impacted by a concentration of excess electrons in the conduction band.
• The proximity or distance of these new energy levels formed in relation to valence band and to the conduction band results in PL spectra located at higher or lower energies.
• Before we get to that, though, it could be useful to keep in mind that we are at this point because of an interaction between individual deuterium atoms and the conduction band of the metal.
• However the minimum of the conduction band and maximum of the valence band occur at the same value of momentum, the energy difference is released as photon, this is called direct band gap semiconducto
• In metals the fermi level lies in the conduction band giving rise to free conduction electrons.
• The peculiar properties of these compounds have been interpreted in terms of the hybridization of f electrons with the conduction band.
• Like all metals aluminum readily loses its outer shell electrons to what is called the conduction band resulting in a free flowing cloud of electrons within their otherwise solid arrangement.
• The thermal generation rate, is theelectrons canfrom the recombination centers into the conduction band.
• Effect of not parabolicity of conduction band in resonant levels computation.
• Lowering the threshold electron density of conduction electrons in the ground level of the conduction band of quantum dots in this way accelerates the relaxation process of electrons from an excited l
• At room temperature all donor electrons have already been excited into the conduction band.
• PN junction when the electric field enables tunnelling of electrons from the valence to the conduction band of a semiconductor, leading to a large number of free minority carriers which suddenly incre
• Why does Fermi level shift toward conduction or valence band with doping?
• When the wave reaches the base of the atria it is blocked by a band of insulating tissue, causing a delay in conduction.
• On a related note, the Fermi level in graphene is always within the conduction or valence band while in traditional semiconductors the Fermi level often falls within the bandgap when pinned by impurit
• In addition to showing the effective mass at different band extrema, this also shows that the effective mass varies depending on the direction of conduction relative to the crystal orientation.